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Using your Treadmill will improve this. MUSCULAR STRENGTH – the ability of a muscle to exert force for a brief period of time. Upper-body strength, for example, can be measured by various weight-lifting exercises. MUSCULAR ENDURANCE – the ability of a muscle, or a group of muscles, to sustain repeated contractions or to continue applying force against a fixed object. Push ups are often used to test endurance of arm and shoulder muscles. FLEXIBILITY – the ability to move joints and use muscles through their full range of motion. The sitand- reach test is a good measure of flexibility of the lower back and backs of the upper legs. BODY COMPOSITION – often considered a component of fitness. It refers to the makeup of the body in terms of lean mass (muscle, bone, vital tissue and organs) and fat mass. An optimal ratio of fat to lean mass is an indication of fitness, and the right types of exercises will help you decrease body fat and increase or maintain muscle mass. To help track your progress we have provided Workout Progress Chart on page 30. A COMPLETE EXERCISE PROGRAM How often, how long and how hard you exercise, and what kinds of exercises you do should be determined by what you are trying to accomplish. Your goals, your present fitness level, age, health, skills, interest and convenience are among the factors you should consider. For example, an athlete training for high-level competition would follow a different program than a person whose goals are good health and the ability to meet work and recreational needs. Your exercise program should include something from each of the four basic fitness components described previously. Each workout should begin with a warm up and end with a cool down. As a general rule, space your workouts throughout the week and avoid consecutive days of hard exercise. Here are the amounts of activity necessary for the average healthy person to maintain a minimum level of overall fitness. Included are some of the popular exercises for each category. WARM UP – 5-10 minutes of exercise such as walking, slow jogging, knee lifts, arm circles or trunk rotations. Low intensity movements that simulate movements to be used in the activity can also be included in the warm up. MUSCULAR STRENGTH –a minimum of two, 20 minute sessions per week that include exercises for all the major muscle groups. Lifting weights is the most effective way to increase strength. MUSCULAR ENDURANCE – at least three, 30 minute sessions each week that include exercises such as calisthenics, push ups, sit ups, pull ups, and weight training for all the major muscle groups. CARDIORESPIRATORY ENDURANCE – at least three, 20 minute workouts of continuous aerobic exercise each week. Working out on your Treadmill is a good way to obtain this aerobic activity. Other popular aerobic conditioning activities include brisk walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, rope jumping, rowing, cross-country skiing, and some continuous action games like racquetball and handball. FLEXIBILITY – 10-12 minutes of daily stretching exercises performed slowly, without a bouncing motion. This can be included after a warm up or during a cool down. Refer to pages 27 and 28 for a list of total body stretches. COOL DOWN – a minimum of 5-10 minutes of slow walking or lower intensity elliptical exercise, combined with stretching. AEROBIC EXERCISE: HOW MUCH? HOW OFTEN? Experts recommend that you do some form of aerobic exercise at least three times a week for a minimum of 20 continuous minutes. Of course, if that is too much, start with a shorter time span and gradually build up to the minimum. Then gradually progress until you are able to work aerobically for 20-40 minutes.If you want to lose weight,you may want to do your aerobic workout five times a week. It is important to exercise at an intensity vigorous enough to cause your heart rate and breathing to increase. How hard you should exercise depends to a certain degree on your age, and is determined by measuring your heart rate in beats per minute. Refer to the “Measuring Your Heart Rate” section below and on the following page for more information on how to determine and measure your heart rate. You can do different types of aerobic activities, say walking one day, and use your Treadmill the next. Make sure you choose an activity that can be done regularly, and is enjoyable for you. The important thing to remember is not to skip too many days between workouts or fitness benefits will be lost. If you must lose a few days, gradually work back into your routine. WHEN TO EXERCISE The hour just before the evening meal is a popular time for exercise. The late afternoon workout provides a welcome change of pace at the end of the work day and helps dissolve the day's worries and tensions. Another popular time to work out is early morning, before the work day begins. Advocates of the early start say it makes them more alert and energetic on the job. Among the factors you should consider in developing you...
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