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This often results in the formation of a pressure ulcer. A pressure ulcer is defined as any lesion caused by unrelieved pressure resulting in underlying tissue damage. Complications related to pressure ulcers cause an estimated 60,000 deaths and cost over $1.3 billion annually.1However, most pressure ulcers are treatable and even preventable. Therapeutic Support Surfaces are a proven way to help prevent and treat pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers can be caused by four factors, either individually or in combination: • Pressure: Results in compression of soft tissue between a bony prominence and an external surface, such as a bed. When external pressure exceeds capillary blood pressure, the blood supply from the blood vessels to the muscle and skin tissue is impeded, resulting in tissue breakdown. • Moisture: Over-hydrates skin, resulting in maceration, which lowers its resistance to mechanical stresses such as pressure or friction. • Shear: Occurs when adjacent surfaces slide across one another, typically when a patient slides down in bed or chair. The skin remains stationary against the bed linens while the underlying tissue shifts. This causes capillaries to stretch and tear, resulting in reduced blood flow. • Friction: Caused when the skin is pulled across a coarse surface such as bed linens, washcloths, or incontinence pads. When friction is applied to the skin, the outer protective layer is rubbed away. The soft moist layers of skin are exposed which allow bacteria to enter. Understanding Pressure Ulcers Pressure ulcers are typically located in areas such as heels, elbows, shoulders and the sacral region and are graded or staged to classify the degree of tissue damage. The images below identify pressure point areas in different body positions. Causes of Pressure Ulcers Immobility and Inactivity One of the most important determinants of developing a pressure ulcer is the ability to move or change positions. Lack of movement can result in loss of blood flow to the muscles and skin. Body Shape and Size Those who are very thin or obese are at a higher risk of developing pressure ulcers. Very thin people have little cushion between their skin and bony prominences. Those who are overweight may have difficulty moving around on their own. Skin and hygiene As well as advancing age, some medications or treatments can make skin thinner and less able to take the wear and tear of everyday life. Nutrition Lack of a balanced diet and sufficient fluids can lead to frail skin. Infection An infection can cause an increase in body temperature and perspiration, resulting in the skin being less supple. Incontinence Urine and fecal matter can cause irritation and skin breakdown. It is important that the skin is cleaned and dried as soon as possible to minimize maceration. Circulation Poor circulation can cause swelling, or edema, in certain areas, making them less resistant to pressure. Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcers2 Invacare® Therapeutic Support Surfaces Invacare® Therapeutic Support Surfaces Therapeutic Support Surfaces Therapeutic Support Surfaces prevent and treat pressure ulcers by molding to the body to maximize contact, redistributing weight as uniformly as possible, and reducing pressure to below capillary closure (32mm/Hg).3 While a variety of support surfaces have been shown to improve pressure ulcers, there is no compelling evidence that one support surface consistently performs better than all others, under all circumstances. The primary concern when choosing a support surface should be the therapeutic benefit associated with the product. Invacare’s TSS line consists of Group I and Group II surfaces as defined by CMS. Each Group can further be categorized by the type of surface and whether it is dynamic or static . Group I - Support surfaces designed to prevent pressure ulcers • Gel Overlay – Uniformly distributes pressure and reduces friction and shear with gel bladders inside a foam core. Designed to be placed directly on top of an existing mattress. • Foam Mattress – Multiple layers of foam for maximum pressure reduction. Designed to be placed directly on the existing bed frame. • Alternating Pressure Pad – Alternates inflation and deflation of cells to constantly change pressure points. Designed to be placed directly on top of an existing mattress. Group II - Support surfaces designed to prevent and treat pressure ulcers • Non Powered Pressure Reducing Mattress – Channels air through cells for maximum patient immersion. • Alternating Pressure Mattress – Alternates inflation and deflation of cells to constantly change pressure points and promote circulation. Alternating Pressure • Low Air Loss Mattress – Floats the patient on air-filled cells while circulating air across the skin to reduce moisture and help maintain a constant skin interface pressure. “True Low Air Loss” utilizes 100-150 liters of air per minute to maintain normal skin temperature and moisture levels, yet will not dry out therapeutic dressin...
Ce manuel est également adapté pour les modèles :Vitesse Voyage - IVCGFMO (672.82 kb)
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