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active-matrix display—A liquid crystal display (LCD) made from an A array of liquid crystal cells using active-matrix technology. Also known as a “TFT display,” in its simplest form there is one thin film transistor (TFT) for each cell. This type of display works well with computers because of its shallow depth and high-quality color. Active-matrix displays are viewable from wider angles than most passive-matrix displays. adapter—A device that provides a compatible connection between two units. For example, the computer’s internal display adapter receives information from the software and translates it into images on the screen. An adapter can take a number of forms, from a microprocessor to a simple connector. An intelligent adapter (one that is capable of doing some processing) may also be called a controller. Alternating Current (AC)—The type of power usually supplied to residential and commercial wall outlets. AC reverses its direction at regular intervals. Compare Direct Current (DC). application—A computer program that you use to perform tasks of a specific type. Applications include word processors, spreadsheets, and database management systems. See also program. Glossary Glossary B backup—A copy of a file, usually on a removable disk, kept in case the original file is lost or damaged. Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)—See BIOS. baud rate—The speed at which a communication device, such as a printer or modem, transmits information. Baud rate is the number of signal changes per second (not necessarily the same as bits per second). See also bits per second. Blu-ray Disc (BD)—Offering more storage capacity than DVDs, the format was developed to allow for more data storage and to enable recording and playback of high-definition video (HD). BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)—Basic instructions, stored in read-only memory (ROM), containing the information the computer needs to check hardware and load the operating system when you start up the computer. bits per second (bps)—A way of measuring the speed at which information is passed between two devices. This is the basic unit of measure used in modem communications, and is similar, but not identical, to the baud rate. See also baud rate. boot—To start the computer. The term “boot” originates from bootstrap program (as in “pulling itself up by its bootstraps”), a program that loads and initializes the operating system. See also reboot. boot disk—See system disk. boot setting (startup sequence)—The o...

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