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An effective cell-balancing algorithm during both charge and discharge phases is presented. This charger can be used either as a standalone application to charge a battery pack with two serial connected Li-Ion/Li-Pol batteries or embedded in residential, office, and industrial applications. Introduction A modern portable system requires more operating voltage than a single-cell Lithium-ion (Li-Ion) or Lithium-polymer (Li- Pol) battery can provide. A serial connection results in a pack voltage eq